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While considered seedy by some, it was mainstream entertainment for decades, Thayer said. From its beginning in the 1920s following development of the mechanical lure - typically a stuffed bone or stuffed animal that swiftly clatters around the track ahead of the dogs to attract them - the industry was continually pushing to allow for legalized betting state-by-state and to attract attention, with help from Hollywood celebrities, athletes and beauty pageant competitors.Īt times, the sport drew more spectators than its more prominent rival horse racing.
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Thayer's book, "Going to the Dogs - Greyhound Racing, Animal Activism, and American Popular Culture," describes a sport with a colorful and often tumultuous history. The Dubuque track was helped along by city and state funding, and after Iowa and other states began allowing casinos, the Dubuque operation was expanded to include its own casino. Opening day this year drew at least 1,000 people but smaller crowds are typical, especially on weeknights. "It was an exciting time and the track offered good jobs," he said. Back then, thousands of people would attend the races, with buses of gamblers arriving every weekend from Chicago and Milwaukee. He recalls the excitement when the track opened in 1985, a time when Iowa was mired in farm bankruptcies and much of Dubuque was struggling. General Manager Brian Carpenter was 16 when he started working at the track in its second year and has remained 36 seasons until this, its final year. "I know some trainers, and they treat them like kings and queens," Krueger said. He doesn't believe the dogs are mistreated. Like works of art," Janiszewski said.īruce Krueger said he has been making the 170-mile (274-kilometer) drive from Milwaukee to Dubuque. They typically bet only a few dollars on each race but are more interested in watching the dogs than counting their winnings. Peggy Janiszewski and her friend Robin Hannan have for years been driving about three hours from the Chicago area to Dubuque to watch the racing. They expressed disappointment that the track would close, lamenting the loss of an entertainment option in Dubuque, a city of about 60,000 known for its stately brick buildings and church steeples built on hills overlooking the Mississippi River. On opening day at the Iowa Greyhound Park in Dubuque, spectators packed into a spacious room that overlooked the track, sipping beers and mixed drinks as they pored over racing statistics before placing bets at kiosks or with attendants. They also contend that some don't understand the love greyhounds have for running. Industry supporters note there now is a huge demand to adopt retired racers and deny that the other problems are widespread. GREY2K, the Humane Society and other groups have long argued that greyhound racing was cruel, including its longtime practice of killing dogs that weren’t deemed top racers, using drugs to enhance their performance, confining them for long periods and subjecting animals to the risk of injury on the racetrack. "This has become one of the signature animal welfare debates of our time," Theil said. The group GREY2K was formed in 2001 and Carey Theil, the organization’s executive director, said he feels a sense of accomplishment now that the sport's end seems within reach. The Dubuque track closure and the end of racing in West Memphis, Arkansas, this December will leave racing only in West Virginia, where tracks in Wheeling and near Charleston operate with subsidies from casino revenue.įor some animal welfare groups, the industry’s collapse is the culmination of decades of work to publicize allegations of greyhound mistreatment. But "it’s happening way faster than I thought it would."
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"Do I think the industry is dying? Yes," said Gwyneth Anne Thayer, who has written a history of greyhound racing. In others like Iowa, state officials allowed casinos to end subsidies that had kept greyhound racing alive as interest declined. In some states like the dog-racing mecca of Florida in 2021, it was voter initiatives that ended the sport at the state’s dozen tracks. Since then, many more tracks have closed. A racing association found that betting on greyhounds plunged from $3.5 billion in 1991 to about $500 million in 2014.